National Reserves of Kenya

Maasai Mara National Reserve

1961

Started

1510

km² Area

Located in southwestern Kenya along the Tanzanian border, Maasai Mara spans 1,510 km² and is one of the most famous reserves in Africa. It is renowned for the Great Migration of wildebeests and zebras, and is home to the Big Five—lion, leopard, elephant, rhino, and buffalo. Best time to visit is July to October to witness the migration.

Samburu National Reserve

1985

Started

165

km² Area

Situated in northern Kenya, Samburu covers about 165 km² along the Ewaso Ng’iro River. It features arid savannahs and is known for rare species like the Grevy’s zebra, Somali ostrich, gerenuk, and reticulated giraffe. Lions, elephants, and leopards are also common. Visit during June to October and January to March for wildlife viewing.

Buffalo Springs National Reserve

1948

Started

131

km² Area

Adjacent to Samburu, this 131 km² reserve shares similar landscapes and wildlife. It is slightly greener due to springs that provide fresh water, attracting elephants, giraffes, and a variety of birds. It’s quieter than Samburu, making it great for peaceful safaris. Best time to visit is June to October.

Shaba National Reserve

1974

Started

239

km² Area

Also neighboring Samburu, Shaba spans 239 km² and is known for its rugged terrain and volcanic features. It is home to lions, leopards, cheetahs, and endemic northern species. It was made famous by Joy Adamson’s conservation work. Visit during June to October or January to March.

Arawale National Reserve

1974

Started

533

km² Area

Located in northeastern Kenya, this reserve covers 533 km² and is rarely visited. It was established as a sanctuary for the critically endangered hirola antelope. Wildlife includes elephants, cheetahs, and hyenas. Visit during dry seasons (June to October) for accessibility.

Boni National Reserve

1976

Started

1339

km² Area

Bordering Somalia in eastern Kenya, Boni is a dense forest reserve of 1,339 km², important for biodiversity and conservation of endemic flora and fauna. Wildlife includes elephants, bush pigs, and numerous birds. Due to security concerns, visitation is restricted. Best time: December to March.

Dodori National Reserve

1976

Started

877

km² Area

Adjacent to Boni, Dodori is 877 km² of coastal forest and wetland. It protects species like elephants, buffaloes, and coastal birds. Like Boni, it is currently limited in access. Best visited in dry months (January to March) if conditions allow.

Losai National Reserve

1976

Started

1806

km² Area

Located between Marsabit and Samburu, Losai spans 1,806 km² of arid, rocky terrain. It supports elephants, antelopes, and predators like lions and leopards. Its remoteness appeals to adventurous travelers. Best visited in June to October.

Mwea National Reserve

1976

Started

42

km² Area

This small reserve in Embu County covers 42 km² and features acacia bushland and the Tana River. Hippos, crocodiles, waterbucks, and birds such as Pel’s fishing owl inhabit the area. Ideal for birdwatchers. Best time: December to April.

Rahole National Reserve

1976

Started

1295

km² Area

Adjacent to Arawale, Rahole spans 1,295 km² and is part of a conservation corridor. Wildlife includes hirola, lions, elephants, and hyenas. Due to its remoteness, infrastructure is minimal. Visit during dry months (June to October).

Bisanadi National Reserve

1974

Started

606

km² Area

Next to Meru and Kora National Parks, this 606 km² reserve serves as a buffer and dispersal area. It houses elephants, lions, cheetahs, and hippos. It’s rugged and ideal for off-the-beaten-path safaris. Best visited in June to October.

Marsabit National Reserve

1949

Started

1500

km² Area

Surrounding Marsabit National Park, this 1,500 km² reserve includes forested hills and crater lakes. Known for tusked elephants, lions, and birds, it’s accessible best in dry months (June to October).

Kakamega Forest Reserve

1985

Started

238

km² Area

Located in western Kenya, this 238 km² tropical rainforest is the last remnant of the Congo basin in Kenya. Rich in butterflies, monkeys, birds, and indigenous trees. It is a biodiversity hotspot. Visit in January to March or June to August.

South Turkana National Reserve

1979

Started

1091

km² Area

Spanning 1,091 km², this reserve lies southwest of Lake Turkana. It’s a rugged wilderness with elephants, zebras, antelopes, and predators. Great for adventurers. Best time to visit: June to October.

Nasolot National Reserve

1979

Started

920

km² Area

Located west of Lake Turkana, Nasolot is a 920 km² mountainous reserve home to elephants, hippos, crocodiles, and leopards. Its rocky ridges and scenic views appeal to hikers. Visit in dry season (June to October).